Forward Osmosis

Taking advantage of the osmotic pressure gradient across a semi-permeable membrane, usually made from cellulose triacetate or polyamide, to spontaneously harvest high-quality water.

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Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor

A hybrid biological-physical treatment process that has been gaining interest for wastewater treatment and water reuse. The OsMBR couples semi-permeable forward osmosis (FO) membranes for physiochemical separation with biological activated sludge process for organic matter and nutrient removal.

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Bioelectrochemical System

Powered by the remaining organics in wastewater to realize continuous nutrient enrichment and continuous energy recovery as electricity or value-added products, e.g. hydrogen gas.

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